is hard to treat with many common mo-dalities can be successfully healed using a powerful, deep-reaching Class IV laser. Patients are responding to Class IV laser treatments with fantastic results. The stimulating healing effects of the laser are felt almost immediately. Results are cumulative. Because the Class IV laser delivers more power and greater depth of penetration, each treatment session is shorter and fewer treatments may be re-quired, overall, when compared to lower-powered therapy lasers. Doctors who are already using the Class IV laser in their clinics see that pa-tient compliance and satisfaction is high. As well, the laser can smoothly integrate with other treatment modalities for po-tentially much greater interactive effect. TECHNICAL PROFILE OF LASER THERAPY Power – Class IV lasers include all those lasers above 0.5 watts. Class IIIa lasers are continuous wave, intermediate lasers. These have a power output of 1-5 milli-watts. Class IIIb lasers may deliver contin-uous or pulsed wave. These have a power output up to 500 milliwatts, or 0.5 watts. The Class IV laser can deliver a ther-apeutic dose of laser light faster than a Class III laser. To illustrate this, consider the following: the current accepted dos-age for superficial pain is 2-4 Joules per centimetre; and for deep-lying pain 4-10 Joules per centimetre. If the condition being treated is deep-lying lumbar pain, the area being treated could be 100-400 centimetres. 2 This equates to a total treatment dosage of 400-4,000 Joules. A Class IIIb laser with a 0.5-watt output would take anywhere from 13-133 min-utes to administer this dosage. A Class IV therapy laser would deliver the same dosage in less than 10 minutes. Higher wattage has been shown to reach a deeper target. This is because a sufficient number of photons produces the desired primary effects of photo-biomodulation. For example, two watts would be used for lateral epicondylitis, five watts for cervical pain, or seven watts for lumbar pain. 3 It’s important to under-stand which dose is the most effective for the condition being treated. But what is preferable is having a therapeutic laser in your hand that is equipped with custom-ization features to make your treatments optimally efficient and safe. By implementing proper use and 30 • CANADIAN CHIROPRACTOR | FEBRUARY 2012 safety precautions, the Class IV laser can be used safely and effectively, mitigating such risks as injury to the eyes. Training is readily available for you and your staff; in fact, it’s required. There is every reason for Class IV laser treatments to be deliv-ered without side-effect or harm. Depth of Penetration – Therapeutic lasers deliver photons (packets of light). These photons travel into and through soft tissue. When laser photons hit the skin’s surface, they will reflect, absorb, transmit or scatter. As they move further in from the skin surface, the photons are also absorbed by hemoglobin, melanin and water. Some photons eventually reach the mitochon-dria and cell membranes of low-lying cells, where the energy is absorbed by chro-mophores and is converted to chemical kinetic energy within the cell. Results are photochemical and biostimulative. Photon density decreases as it travels through tissue, to the point that it is so low that no biological effect of the light can be measured. The ideal effective depth of an infrared therapy laser for pri-mary photon-tissue interaction is conser-vatively four centimetres. The Class IV laser is designed to de-liver photons within this ideal depth for maximum healing effect. Wavelength is a direct factor in determining how deep laser light can penetrate soft tis-sue. Chromophores absorb laser pho-tons with wavelengths between 400 and 1100 nanometres, with those in the 800 nm range being the deepest penetrating. With a Class IV infrared laser, the scat-tered photons create an egg-shaped vol-ume of treated tissue. The effective depth of penetration is roughly four centime-tres. This means the primary interaction of photons with the target cells(s) will occur through that depth. Variable Frequencies – Laser treat-ment is best delivered with a combination of continuous wave and varied pulsation frequencies. The human body may be-come less responsive to steady stimuli, so varying the pulsation rate of the laser will improve clinical outcomes. 4 Class IV lasers offer both continuous wave and pulsation frequencies. Pulse mode delivers more photons to deeper tissues, and because less laser light is being absorbed at the surface, there is less heating up at the skin level. Different levels of pulsation have been shown to produce certain analgesic, inflammation-reducing and biostimulative effects. Acquiring finesse in delivering la-ser treatments can be much more involved than bombarding the tissue with high dos-es of continuous wave energy. The beam produced by a Class IV therapeutic laser is not collimated; it is allowed to naturally diffuse at a 10-to 12-degree angle. Spot sizes will range from 10 to 25 millimetres in diameter. The class IV laser is perfectly safe to use over metal implants. One particular Class IV Laser has built-in protocols for pain, spasm and edema, arranged by body area being treated. The ability to customize treatment and adjust focus and delivery of the laser helps make each patient treat-ment session uniquely effective and safe. CLASS IV LASER IN YOUR CLINIC Therapeutic low-light lasers are an excel-lent adjunct treatment to conventional chiropractic care. Class IV therapeutic lasers are remarkably successful in accel-erating repair of injured soft tissue and re-ducing inflammation and pain. The Class IV laser is most effective in treating stub-born problems that can’t be addressed successfully using other treatments. It can be used alone, as it treats a myriad of conditions, including spinal arthritis, disc bulges and herniations, disc degen-eration, frozen shoulder, sciatica, carpal tunnel syndrome, joint pain and stiff-ness. It can also be combined with other treatments, including adjustments, spinal decompression, rehabilitation programs, massage, and may be assist in accelerated, robust healing and pain relief. Strategies for use should be determined by the doctor on a case-by-case basis. The actual devices for laser therapy are safe – again, precautions must be taken – portable, and take up little room. It must be noted that this technology does not come cheap. Because most treatments are delivered in 15 minutes or less, a good number of patients can receive care over a day’s span. Intelligent built-in software on some Class IV lasers makes optimal dosing for each patient accurate, consis-tent and easy to administer. • In part 2 of this article, Dr. Nusbaum will discuss incorporating Class IV laser into your practice. It will appear in the April 2012 issue of Canadian Chiropractor. For article with references, please visit www. canadianchiropractor.ca. www.canadianchiropractor.ca
Chiropractic + Naturopathic Doctor February 2012: Page 30
